Country Gees

Yearbook 2006

During the year, Eritrea found itself in constant conflict with the UN, which was accused by the government of trying to see between its fingers that Ethiopia did not fulfill the terms of the peace agreement that concluded two years of war in 2000. According to CountryAAH, major public holidays in Eritrea include Independence Day (May 24) and New Year (January 1). About ten local border guards were arrested in February and five foreign UN officials were expelled in September following charges of espionage. A number of foreign aid organizations were forced to discontinue their operations in the country, despite Eritrea being plagued by severe drought and one in three residents suffering from food shortages.

In October, about 1,500 soldiers entered the border zone against Ethiopia with fourteen tanks. The UN accused Eritrea of ​​breaking the peace treaty, but the government claimed that the soldiers’ job was to help with the harvest.

Swedish journalist Dawit Isaak was detained in prison without trial. He was arrested in 2001 along with dozens of other journalists whose newspapers published regime-critical texts.

Economy

Eritrea Overview

The state of Eritrea, or Eritrea, is a coastal state located on the shores of the Red Sea in Northeast Africa. Eritrea is bordered by Djibouti, Ethiopia and Sudan. Eritrea has a long history with Ethiopia, from which the country became independent in 1993. The state capital is Asmara, inhabited by about 600,000 people. Another major city is the port city of Massawa. Eritrea’s national identity has been formed in the struggles against neighboring Ethiopia. At the time, the population was divided into highland Christians, who formed a fairly homogeneous group, and heterogeneous Muslims in the Netherlands. However, during the long War of Independence, cultural ties emerged between these groups.

• According to abbreviationfinder, ER is the abbreviation code for Eritrea.

Area: 117.6 km²

Population: 6,081,196 (estimate 7/2020)

Capital: Asmara

Population: Tigrinya55%,Tiger30%,Saho4%,Kunama2%, Rashaida 2%, Bilen 2%, other ( Afar, Beni Amir, Nera ) 5% (2010)

Language T igrinja and A rabia

Religion: Islam,CopticChristian, roomLower Catholic, Protestanti

Form of government: Republic

Italy renounced its sovereignty over the Eritrea with the peace treaty of 10 February 1947, art. 23, after having insisted in vain, first, for its restitution, except to grant an outlet to Ethiopia in Assab, then to obtain the colony in trust. Since, pursuant to the aforementioned art. 23, the fate of the Italian colonies had to be decided by mutual agreement by the Four Great Powers, within a year of the entry into force of the treaty, Italy continued to fight to obtain the trusteeship of them before the Conference of the substitutes of the Big Four, which opened in October 1947 in London. Given the conflicting views, the Four appointed a four-member commission of inquiry for the three former Italian colonies; With the’ task of ascertaining the aspirations of local populations and submitting a report. The commission visited Eritrea between 11 November and 14 December 1947 but in his report (July 1948) he was unable to formulate any conclusions or proposals due to the divergent opinions expressed by local organizations and personalities. Neither the four substitutes nor the four foreign ministers who met in Paris between 13 and 15 September 1948 were able to reach an agreement. The matter was therefore referred to the United Nations Assembly in accordance with annex XI of the peace treaty. A Bevin-Sforza compromise failed, which would have divided Eritrea between Ethiopia and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, granting special rights to Italy in the cities of Asmara and Massawa (May 1949), the Italian government fell back on the solution intended to grant independence to Libya and Eritrea. Continuing the differences between the Big Four about Eritrea, the UN Assembly voted on November 21, 1949 a resolution for the appointment of a new 5-member Commission of Inquiry with the task of ascertaining exactly the aspirations of the residents and to make proposals for the solution of the problem. The resolution raised discontent and provoked bloody clashes between opposing factions (pro-union with Ethiopia and pro-division between Ethiopia and Sudan) when the Commission of Inquiry arrived in Asmara (February 1950). Italy tried to ensure that the territory was not divided and recognized as an independent state within the shortest possible time: on the contrary, the Ethiopia fought to absorb it completely and England to divide it between Sudan and Ethiopia itself. Eventually England advanced, with the Italian accession, the project of establishing a federation between Eritrea and Ethiopia under the sovereignty of the Ethiopian crown. The project was approved on December 2, 1950 by the United Nations General Assembly. The relative resolution established in the first seven articles (the so-called Federal Act) the competences of the federal and Eritrean governments (see below).